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Domperidone Base
Cas No. :57808-66-9
Structure
Identifiers
CAS number 57808-66-9
ATC code A03FA03
PubChem 3151
DrugBank APRD00418
ChemSpider 3039
Chemical data
Formula C22H24ClN5O2
Mol. weight 425.911 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability High
Protein binding 91–93%
Metabolism Hepatic and intestinal (first-pass)
Half life 7 hours
Excretion Breast milk, renal
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat. Not classified
Routes Oral, intravenous, rectal
Drug Description
Domperidoneis an antidopaminergic drug, and used orally, rectally or
intravenously, generally to suppress nausea and vomiting. It has also been
used to stimulate lactation.
Uses
Gastrointestinal problems
Domperidone is used, together with metoclopramide, cyclizine, and 5HT3
receptor antagonists (such as granisetron) in the treatment of nausea and
vomiting.
Domperidone has also been found effective in the treatment of gastroparesis,
a stomach motility condition, and for paediatric Gastroesophageal reflux
(infant vomiting).
Parkinson's disease
It has been used in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Unlike metoclopramide:, domperidone does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
Lactation
The hormone prolactin stimulates lactation in humans, and its release is
inhibited by the dopamine secreted by the hypothalamus. Domperidone, by
acting as an anti-dopaminergic, results in increased prolactin secretion,
and thus promotes lactation.
Since, according to the American FDA, domperidone is not approved for
enhanced lactation in any country, it is sometimes self-prescribed from
original research or prescribed "off-label" for this use in countries around
the world.
Anti-emetic
There is some evidence that domperidone has antiemetic activity.
Domperidone is a first choice anti-emetic in most countries,[citation
needed] together with metoclopramide. It is however not approved for
prescription in the US. Although it has never been officially approved for
use in the United States, domperidone is sometimes purchased from pharmacies
in other countries for this purpose.
SIDE EFFECTS
Headache, dizziness, dry mouth, nervousness, flushing, or irritability may
occur the first several days as your body adjusts to the medication. Trouble
sleeping, stomach cramps, hot flashes and leg cramps have also been
reported. If any of these effects continue or become bothersome, inform your
doctor. Notify your doctor immediately if you develop: chest pain,
slow/fast/irregular heartbeat, swelling of the feet or ankles, difficulty
urinating, swelling of the breasts or discharge from the nipple in men or
women, menstrual changes, sexual difficulties. If you notice other effects
not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
PRECAUTIONS
Tell your doctor your medical history, especially of: history of breast
cancer, allergies. Limit your intake of alcoholic beverages. This medication
should be used only if clearly needed during pregnancy. Discuss the risks
and benefits with your doctor. Domperidone passes into breast milk. Due to
the potential risks to a nursing infant, breast-feeding while using this
drug is not recommended. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding
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